So, the Town of Farmville and a private company called Immigrant Centers of America are trying to build a 1,000 bed immigrant detention center in Farmville. ICA has zero experience with prisons or detention centers. Their previous experience is constructing Arby’s and BP Gas stations. This project has already received over 500,000 dollars from the State Tobacco Commission. This is not a done deal, the project can still, and will be stopped.

You can help stop it by sending an email to some of the folks involved, letting them know you think it is a bad idea. I’ve put a list of emails below, that includes people on town council, people from the VA Tobacco Comission, people from DHS, and people who run ICA.

Also below are copies of a couple letters- one from the Richmond Anarchist Black cross, one written to farmville religious community, and one written to the farmville business community. Feel free to use any of these letters as a format for your own, or just copy one. THough creating your own email will help them see just how much resistance there is. The more emails we send them, the more pressure will be put on them to stop the construction.

Keep alert for more news from the People United, the Richmond Anarchist Black Cross, and other organizations in the Commonwealth working to stop this detention center from being built.

ratkins@farmvilleva.com
arnold.casterline@dhs.gov
gspates@farmvilleva.com,
erika.young@dhs.gov,
ned.stephenson@tic.virginia.gov,
cmorris@farmvilleva.com,
britt.nelson@tic.virginia.gov,
wcoleman@hdcva.com,
rharper@hdcva.com,
knewsome@amfautomation.com,
wjcole79@aol.com,
tkinter@hdcva.com,
dduval@williamsmullen.com,
lhricko@farmvilleva.com,
snewman@farmvilleva.com,
egordon@farmvilleva.com,
areid@farmvilleva.com,
dhunter@farmvilleva.com,
ooverton@farmvilleva.com,
dwhitus@moonstar.com,
tory@farmvilleareachamber.org,
wwhitus@farmvilleareachamber.org �

To Whom It Should Concern,

The Richmond Anarchist Black Cross, a prison abolition and political prisoner support group, has been made aware of the potential Immigrant Detention Center to be built in Farmville by Immigrant Centers of America. While this might seem like a good business idea to some, there are many who will resist the construction of another racist, classist, and oppressive institution such as this. There are many in Virginia who will simply not allow such an institution to be built. We will not allow the expansion of anti-immigrant and racist institutions. These institutions are unsafe for the people that live and work in them, and they have a negative affect on all involved, including the surrounding community, in this case, Farmville.

Any new prison or detention center will be met with resistance. Running a prison is not an easy way to make a quick buck. For profit prisons place inmates at serious risk for having their needs overlooked in the scramble to make a profit. Running a prison is a serious responsibility, one that we have no faith in ICA being able to take on.

Especially in light of the recent death in Piedmont Regional Jail over the Thanksgiving Holiday, we feel that this is a matter of life and death. Nationally, there have been at least 83 documented questionable deaths at immigration detention centers, according to the Washington Post in May of 2008. The cause of these deaths is most likely mistreatment, abuse, and neglect of human beings.

We urge you to stop the construction of an Immigrant Detention Center in Farmville, or anywhere else for that matter.

No More Prisons!

the Richmond Anarchist Black Cross

~~~~~~~~~

Greetings Farmville Business Community,
We are a collection of many individuals and organizations through out Virginia including The People United, Occoneechee Village, Occoneechee-Saponi Indian tribe of Virginia, and the Richmond Anarchist Black Cross. We are writing with concerns regarding an important subject, affecting your community (as well as ours).
Our concerns are around the proposed 1,000 bed immigration detention center, to be constructed in Farmville. The groups involved in this are U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the city of Farmville and private security firm Immigration Centers of America. The vast majority of people who would be detained at this facility are innocent Native Americans who have lived on the American continent for tens of thousands of years. They have been moving freely on the American continent during this time. Borders, laws , slavery, forced relocation and prisons have been used since 1492 as part of a genocide against innocent Native Americans. Barry Carter, Occoneechee Indian from Mecklenburg County Virginia, whose people have lived in Southside Virginia for over 10,000 years, said: “In 1714 if we went north of the James River border we were illegal aliens. Then in1830 it became illegal for us to come east of the Mississippi River border. Then we were illegal aliens when we crossed reservation borders out west. Now it is the Rio Grand River. How can we be illegal just for being in the place we have been for over 50,000 years. How would you feel if someone came into you house, that has been in your family for 100 years, and at gun point made up a rule and drew a line in your house, where you could be imprisoned just for going from one room to another “in your own house”. Many of our people died and are still dying, families are being split up, children are being put in foster care so that others make money.
It is time to end the genocide and come together”
A second concern is that this detention center will be run by a private company, Immigration Centers of America, that has never before run any sort of prison or detention center. This brings up serious concerns about the treatment and care that would be given to any detainees by an inexperienced company. This is on top of the usual concerns that any for-profit prison creates. Nationally, there have been at least 83 documented questionable deaths at immigration detention centers, according to the Washington Post in May of 2008. The cause of these deaths is most likely mistreatment, abuse, and neglect of human beings.
As business owners, we understand that the potential economic impact of an immigrant detention center might be an issue of great interest to you. There is often the perception that brining a new prison to town will stimulate the economy, and create new jobs. You might even be hoping that the construction of an immigration detention center will help your business. Unfortunately, studies are now showing that private prisons do not have the positive economic impact that many have hoped.
One article, available on our website, says:

“‘We found no evidence that prison expansion has stimulated economic growth,” Hooks said of the nationwide study that assessed of the impact of both new and existing prisons over the past 25 years. In fact, in findings that proved the most dramatic reversal of conventional wisdom on the subject, the new study concluded that becoming home to a prison facility may actually hinder economic development efforts, particularly in rural communities that are already hard-pressed.
“

The town of Farmville and its business community will not gain from the construction of another prison. Instead, the reputation of the town will worsen, and most likely economic growth will slow. Farmville should look for healthier and more positive ways to stimulate the local economy. Building more prisons simply will not do so.

Many members of the Farmville community have already taken a stance against this detention center. We all understand that times are hard, and it is politically difficult to be against anything that would provide jobs in a community. However will we do anything for money? Innocent Native Americans stay in these prisons for months and each day that they are confined within these private prison produces $60 to $100 per prisoner, per day, for the private company. This is slavery of the 21st century. This is blood money. And we don’t think it is the Christian thing to do.
For more information, or to learn how you can join us in our campaign please contact us.
We have a website, www. thepeopleunited. org as well as email, jeff@thepeopleunited.org. If you want more information, call regional organizer Jeff Winder at 434-906-0421.
We sincerely appreciate your time, and hope that you will treat this matter with the gravity it deserves. Lives are at stake.
Hope to hear from you,
The People United
~~~~~~~~~~

Greetings Farmville Religious Community,
We are a collection of many individuals and organizations through out Virginia including The People United, Occoneechee Village, Occoneechee-Saponi Indian tribe of Virginia, and the Richmond Anarchist Black Cross. We are writing with concerns regarding an important subject, affecting your community (as well as ours).
Our concerns are around the proposed 1,000 bed immigration detention center, to be constructed in Farmville. The groups involved in this are U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the city of Farmville and private security firm Immigration Centers of America. The vast majority of people who would be detained at this facility are innocent Native Americans who have lived on the American continent for tens of thousands of years. They have been moving freely on the American continent during this time. Borders, laws , slavery, forced relocation and prisons have been used since 1492 as part of a genocide against innocent Native Americans. Barry Carter, Occoneechee Indian from Mecklenburg County Virginia, whose people have lived in Southside Virginia for over 10,000 years, said: “In 1714 if we went north of the James River border we were illegal aliens. Then in1830 it became illegal for us to come east of the Mississippi River border. Then we were illegal aliens when we crossed reservation borders out west. Now it is the Rio Grand River. How can we be illegal just for being in the place we have been for over 50,000 years. How would you feel if someone came into you house, that has been in your family for 100 years, and at gun point made up a rule and drew a line in your house, where you could be imprisoned just for going from one room to another “in your own house”. Many of our people died and are still dying, families are being split up, children are being put in foster care so that others make money. It is time to end the genocide and come together”.
A second concern is that this detention center will be run by a private company, Immigration Centers of America, that has never before run any sort of prison or detention center. This brings up serious concerns about the treatment and care that would be given to any detainees by an inexperienced company. This is on top of the usual concerns that any for-profit prison creates. Nationally, there have been at least 83 documented questionable deaths at immigration detention centers, according to the Washington Post in May of 2008. The cause of these deaths is most likely mistreatment, abuse, and neglect of human beings.
We urge you to learn more about this situation, and then join us in a campaign against the construction of such a negative institution. Other national faith organizations, such as the Presbyterian church, have come out against private prisons. For profit prisons place inmates at serious risk for having their needs overlooked in the scramble to make a profit.
While recognizing the many differences between different Christian denominations and different religions, we hope that the need for respect for human life will speak to you. This potential detention center is a morally relevant issue for all in the Commonwealth, and it deserves the attention of the faith community as well.
Many members of the Farmville community have already taken a stance against this detention center. We all understand that times are hard, and it is politically difficult to be against anything that would provide jobs in a community. However will we do anything for money? Innocent Native Americans stay in these prisons for months and each day that they are confined within these private prison produces $60 to $100 per prisoner, per day, for the private company. This is slavery of the 21st century. This is blood money. And we don’t think it is the Christian thing to do.
For more information, or to learn how you can join us in our campaign please contact us.
We have a website, www. thepeopleunited. org as well as email, jeff@thepeopleunited.org. If you want more information, call regional organizer Jeff Winder at 434-906-0421.
We sincerely appreciate your time, and hope that you will treat this matter with the gravity it deserves. Lives are at stake.
Hope to hear from you,
The People United

Jerrold Meyer, like Melinda Novak, works at UMass Amherst and experiments on Rhesus Monkeys. Please take the time to send him an email asking him to stop these tests. We wrote up a sample email below that you can use, or write your own polite email.

Feel free to repost this call for emails

Jerrold Meyer’s  email is: jmeyer@psych.umass.edu

Dear Dr. Jerrold Meyer,

Your Name Here

Please take just a little time to send an email to the scientists at UMass Amherst who are testing on Rhesus Monkeys, and urge them to stop.

For more information check out www.myspace.com/endtestingnow or www.endtestingnow.blogspot.com
We wrote up some sample emails if you want to take just a little time to help our campaign…. Or write your own polite emails to send.

Repost this request if you want.
Melinda Novak’s email is: mnovak@psych.umass.edu

Dear Dr. Melinda Novak,

It has come to my attention that one aspect of your work at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and other facilities involves testing on non-human primates. Specifically, I am referencing the tests you perform on Rhesus Monkeys, evaluating Self-Injurious Behavior. I want to let you know that experimenting on non-human primates is unethical, cruel, inefficient, and unnecessary. Because I respect your credentials and research portfolio, I urge you to apply your great talent to problems that matter and which can be pursued without exposing innocent primates to these abominable conditions. Please stop experimenting on primates! The primates you experiment on deserve better, happier lives. I would love to see these sentient beings moved to sanctuaries where they can live out the rest of their days more pleasantly.

I urge you to consider Hampshire Animal Liberation Advocacy’s list of demands for Umass Amherst, which are as follows:

1. UMass Amherst will not obtain or breed any nonhuman primate for any purpose.

2. No new animal protocol involving the use of any living or dead nonhuman primate will be approved, and no existing animal protocol involving the use of any living or dead nonhuman primate will be renewed.

3. All living nonhuman primates subject to UMass Amherst’s control and discretion, but not included under a currently active protocol, will immediately be granted permanent “outgoing” status.

4. All currently approved protocols involving nonhuman primates will be postponed pending to proceed without the use of nonhuman primates. All currently assigned nonhuman primates will be immediately assigned “outgoing” status.

5. UMass Amherst will actively search for a sanctuary for any primate with “outgoing”
status as soon as “outgoing” status is granted. The animal will be humanely
transported to the sanctuary as soon as the retirement agreement has been
reached.

6. An animal will only be retired to a sanctuary that is accredited by The Association of Sanctuaries

For every life, for liberation.

Sincerely,

Your Name Here

Melinda A. Novak

One of the scientists at UMass Amherst who is experimenting on primates (mostly Rhesus Monkeys right now) is Melinda Novak. One of the reasons why this campaign is so important is because of how long Melinda Novak has been experimenting on animals, and how much clout she has in that world. If we can get her to stop experimenting it will effect a lot more of the animal testing world.
Here is what the UMass faculty page on her says:

http://www.umass.edu/neuro/faculty/files/novak.html

Melinda A. Novak

Primate Behavior:
Development and Aging,
Complex Cognitive Processing, Psychological Well-Being

Comparative Studies of Primate Cognition

The primary goal of our work is to understand continuity and change in the behavior of monkeys across their life-span. Our efforts are focused on cognitive processes, social interaction, and abnormal behavior or psychopathology.

There appears to be considerable variation in the cognitive capabilities of different nonhuman primate species. Of particular interest is the extent to which chimpanzees differ from monkeys on a variety of complex tasks. Chimpanzees, for example, appear to recognize their images in mirrors whereas monkeys do not. Some have argued that this recognition is also associated with self-awareness. Our research is concerned both with a reexamination of mirror recognition in rhesus monkeys and with an assessment of other complex capabilities in monkeys that may be related to self-recognition. In our studies of mirror recognition, we have underscored the differential reactions of monkeys and chimpanzees to strangers and the need to desensitize monkeys to mirror images. Following such a desensitization procedure, two out of three rhesus monkeys in our laboratory showed some evidence of self-recognition. We have also looked at other capabilities.
In comparison to chim- panzees (studies conducted by other researchers), our data suggest that rhesus monkeys do not perform well on role-reversal tasks, on visual perspective taking tasks, or on certain kinds of object permanence tasks (i.e., those involving invisible displacements). We are currently examining other cognitive capabilities such as spatial memory as well as the ability of monkeys to understand the relationship between their hand movements on a joystick and cursor movement on a video screen.
Development of Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Monkeys

Early rearing experiences play an important role in the development of normal and abnormal behavior in primates. Our early work has focused on developing strategies for rehabilitating monkeys exposed to impoverished early rearing environments. Our current research is aimed at understanding the spontaneous development of abnormal behavior in normally reared rhesus monkeys. Of particular concern is the small percentage of monkeys that spontaneously develop self-injurious behavior. Our goals are to 1) characterize the disorder and determine the behavioral and physiological correlates, 2) identify possible risk factors that may make some animals prone to the disorder (i.e., hyperaggressiveness, reactivity), and 3) develop effective treatments.

This is the list of just some of the papers she has written they list:
Representative Publications:

Povinelli, D.J., Parks, K.A., and Novak, M.A. (1992). Role reversal by rhesus monkeys, but no evidence of empathy. Anim. Behav. 43:269-281.

Novak, M.A., O’Neill, P., and Suomi, S J. (1992). Adjustments and adaptations to indoor and outdoor environments: continuity and change in young adult rhesus monkeys. Amer. J. Primatol. 28:124-138.

Novak, M.A., O’Neill, P., Beckley, S.A., and Suomi, S.J. (1994). Naturalistic environments for captive primates. In Naturalistic Environments in Captivity for Animal Behavior Research, E.F. Gibbons, E.J. Wyers, E. Waters, and E.W. Menzel (eds), SUNY Press, New York, 236-258.

Novak, M.A., Rulf, A., Monroe, H., Parks, K.A., Price, C., O’Neill, P.L., and Suomi, S.J. (1994). Using a standard to evaluate the effects of environmental enrichment. Lab Animal 24:37-43.

de Blois, S. and Novak, M.A. (1994). Object permanence in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). J. Comp. Psych 108:318-327.

Lutz, C.K. & Novak, M.A. (1995). The use of foraging racks and shavings as enrichment tools for social groups of rhesus monkeys. Zoo Biology, 14:463-474.

Suomi, S.J., Novak, M.A. & Well, A. (1996). Aging in rhesus monkeys: different windows on behavioral continuity and chance. Developmental Psychology, 32:1116-1128.

Platt, D.M. & Novak, M.A. (1997). Videostimulation as enrichment for captive rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Applied Animal Behaviour Science 52:139-155.

Bayne, K.A.L. & Novak, M.A. (1998). Psychological Disorders. In B.T. Bennett, C.R. Abee, & R. Henrickson (Eds.) Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, Vol II: Diseases. New York: Academic Press, pp. 485-500.

de Blois, S.T., Novak, M.A. & Bond, M. (1998). Object permanence in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) and squirrel monkeys (Saimin sciureus). Journal of Comparative Psychology 112:137-152. MEDLINE

Novak, M.A., West, M., Bayne, K.A.L., & Suomi, S.J. (1998). Ethological research methods. In L. Hart (Ed.) Responsible Conduct of Research in Animal Behavior. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 51-66.

Novak, M.A., Kinsey, J.H., Jorgensen, M.J. & Hazen, T.J. (1998). The effects of puzzle feeders on pathological behavior in individually housed rhesus monkeys. American Journal of Primatology 46:213-227.

Platt, D.M. & Novak, M.A. (1999). Perception of novel changes in a familiar environment by socially housed rhesus monkeys. American Journal of Primatology 47(2):117-31. MEDLINE

de Blois, S.T. & Novak, M.A. & Bond, M. (1999). Can memory requirements account for species differences in invisible displacement tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes., 25, 168-176.

Chase, W.K., Marinus, L.M. & Novak, M.A. (2000). A behavioral comparison of male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in four different housing conditions. American Journal of Primatology, 51, 51.

de Blois, S.T. & Novak, M.A. (2000). Can rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) represent simple collision events. American Journal of Primatology, 51, 53.

Lutz, C.K., Chase, W.K., & Novak, M.A. (2000). Abnormal behavior in singly housed Macaca mulatta: prevalence and risk factors. American Journal of Primatology, 51, 71.

Marinus, L.M., Chase, W.K., & Novak, M.A. (2000). Self-biting behavior in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) is preferentially directed to body sites associated with acupuncture analgesia. American Journal of Primatology, 51, 71-72.

Tiefenbacher, S.T., Chase, W.T., Marinus, L.M., Novak, M.A., & Meyer, J.S. (2000). Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test in rhesus monkeys using urinary cortisol excretion. American Journal of Primatology, 51, 96-97.

 This news article is pretty determinedly siding on the side of vivisectors. But it is important to pay attention when issues like this come up. It seems this is a free speech issue, because the UCLA is suing the above ground and completely legal Primate Freedom Project. Saying they are suing the Animal Liberation Front is like suing Santa Claus. And to sue someone for putting information on a website is pretty dangerous. We’ve seen this before with the SHAC 7 case. These folks could probably use some solidarity support right now- whether that be financial to help them lawyer up, or just letting them know you are supporting them.

UCLA suing the UCLA Primate Freedom Project.
UCLA is suing to protect researchers from animal extremists
Legal action follows attempted firebombings and harassment

UCLA is suing extremists to stop a campaign of terrorism, vandalism and menacing threats directed at faculty and administrators who conduct or support research involving laboratory animals.

A hearing is scheduled for 8:30 a.m. Feb. 21 in Department A of Los Angeles County Superior Court in Santa Monica, when a judge will formally receive the complaint and hear arguments on a temporary restraining order. A hearing on a preliminary injunction is expected in two to three weeks. The lawsuit names three groups and five individuals as defendants and seeks a temporary restraining order and a permanent injunction prohibiting them from harassing UCLA personnel or facilitating their harassment. The University of California Regents, which oversees all 10 UC campuses, is serving as the plaintiff of record on behalf of UCLA.

http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/campus-files-suit-to-protect-researchers-45485.aspx

Here are the numbers on the animals being tested on in UMass Amherst Labs. Right now the most up to date we have is 2005, but the rest is coming.

If you would like to see this information in its original format, which includes more information about the types of experiments being done on the animals, check out this URL:

http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/ma/res-fr-ma-uma-aphis-2005-1.html

USDA – APHIS Report – 2005

Dogs – 0
Cats- 0
Guinea Pigs- 4
Hamsters – 506
Rabbits- 18
Non-Human Primates- 13
Sheep- 54
Pigs- 36
Cow- 27
Opossum- 3
Leopard- 2
Porcupine- 1
Star Nose Mole- 4
Horse- 3
Goat- 40
Mongolian Gazelle- 4
Wolf- 4
Lemur- 145
Masked Shrew- 144
Chipmunk-18
Redback Vole- 44
Deer Mouse- 183
Meadow Vole- 44
Short Tail Shrew- 381
Beaver- 31
Skunk- 33
Raccoon- 5
Bat- 20
Siberian Hamster- 84
Prairie Vole – 578
Gerbil- 53
Swamp Sparrow- 38

The 13 non-human primates being tested on at UMass AMherst in 2005 are reported as falling into category C of experimenting according to the USDA, “Animals upon which teaching, research, experiments or tests were conducted involving no pain, distress, or use of pain-relieving drugs.”. Self reported at least.

For the record, the group organizing against primate testing at UMass amherst is non-violent, above ground and legal, and not affiliated with any other group or organization.

I had a tough time finding vegan dog biscuit recipes, so I’m posting this simple one I did find.

1/2 cup cornmeal

6 Tablespoons oil

2 cups whole wheat flour

2/3 cup water or veggie broth

The recipe didn’t call for it, but I added some organic salt-free sugar- free peanut butter too.

Cook at 350 degrees in oven.

Roll dough out to 1/4 inch thickness, then cut into shapes with a cookie cutter.

Bake for 35 to 40 minutes, then let cool.

My dog seems to like them. If you have other vegan recipes please share!

Here is a little bit of information about some of the primate tests going on at UMass Amherst and the people behind them…

One example is the work of Professor Melinda Novak (UMass Amherst Psychology Department Chair) who is currently well into a 14 year research project investigating Self-Injurious Behavior (SIB) in primates. To do so, she is exposing primates to stressful environments which result in primates committing acts of self mutilation though
biting and other such activity. Ask Melinda Novak to end her 14 year primate experiment early! As of this year, the grant for her SIB research passed $4.5 million. Think of what this $4.5 million could have otherwise been spent on! What has her research produced to date? We now know that primates who have been subjected to conditions that would never occur in nature and which we would not allow to be applied to prisoners because of the level of cruelty it invokes. This research does not make us more knowledgeable; it makes us more savage. (http://euryale.sbs.umass.edu/PsychWeb/People/MiniWebPages/novak.html).

Jerrold Meyer, another UMass researcher is not only collaborating with Melinda Novak on researching Self-Injurious Behavior in primates, but he is working with Researcher Craig Ferris (UMass Medical School,Worcester) on a similarly unproductive study. Their project includes exposing primates to long term chronic use of MDMA, more commonly known as ecstasy. If the objective of the research were to determine whether it is safe for Primates to drop ecstasy when they are clubbing, the research might easier for these scientists to justify. We already know that ecstasy and related drugs are harmful to humans and the research is not necessary to our further understanding of this socio-scientific issue. Accordingly, I demand that Jerrold Meyer sever his ties to the cruel and unnecessary experiments he is currently undertaking. Each year, Jerrold Meyer and his colleagues receive over $554,000 for their research on addicting primates to ecstasy. (http://euryale.sbs.umass.edu/PsychWeb/People/MiniWebPages/meyer.html).

If you are wondering if something you have seen being done to an animal is animal abuse, check to see if it is something on this list, or very similar to something on this list. If the incident you are talking about happened at UMASS Amherst call the number below: Call our anonymous hotline at (413)548-5803 or email us at
EndTestingNow@gmail.com to report instances of animal abuse at

UMass Amherst or to get involved If you have seen animal abuse in some other circumstance please call your local animal control officer, or shelter. Also, PETA has a phone number and email address that you can report abuses to animals in labs. Their hotline number is 757 962 8383 and email is whistleblower@peta.org What is Animal Abuse?

Animal Abuse can include any of the following possible violations:

• People hitting, screaming at, or otherwise abusing animals
• Animals who are sick, emaciated, bloody or otherwise obviously ill and injured and not receiving veterinary care
• Animals showing signs of cage stress — such as self-mutilation — caused by deprivation
• Animals caged in a manner that causes them to become aggressiveand attack one another
• Animals confined to filthy or dangerous cages (broken wires, etc.)
• Animals given insufficient pain relief during painful procedures or insufficient post-trauma or post-surgery pain relief
• Animals denied sufficient food or water
• Animals killed in painful ways (e.g. mice having their heads cut off with scissors, live animals being placed in freezers)
• Primates given insufficiently varied diets or kept in barren cages
• Animals marked for identification in cruel was (e.g. by amputation of toes)